\begin{thebibliography}{13} \expandafter\ifx\csname natexlab\endcsname\relax\def\natexlab#1{#1}\fi \expandafter\ifx\csname url\endcsname\relax \def\url#1{{\tt #1}}\fi \bibitem[Fletcher(1929)]{fletcher29} H.~Fletcher. \newblock {\em Speech and Hearing}. \newblock Van Nostrand, New York, 1929. \bibitem[Licklider(1946)]{Licklider46} J.~C.~R. Licklider. \newblock Effects of amplitude sitortion upon the intelligibility of speeh. \newblock {\em J. acoust. Soc. Amer.}, 18:\penalty0 429--434, 1946. \bibitem[Licklider(1950)]{Licklider50} J.~C.~R. Licklider. \newblock The intelligibility of amplitude dichotomized, time-quantized speech waves. \newblock {\em J. acoust. Soc. Amer.}, 22:\penalty0 820--823, 1950. \bibitem[Macmillan and Creelman(2005)]{macmillan05} Neil~A. Macmillan and C.~Douglas Creelman. \newblock {\em Detection theory: a user's guide}. \newblock LEA, 2nd edition, 2005. \bibitem[McClelland and Elman(1986)]{mcclelland86a} J.~L. McClelland and J.~L. Elman. \newblock The trace model of speech perception. \newblock {\em Cognitive Psychology}, 18:\penalty0 1--86, 1986. \bibitem[McClelland and Rumelhart(1986)]{mcclelland86b} J.~L. McClelland and D.~E. Rumelhart. \newblock {\em Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructures of cognition. Vol 2. Psychological and Biological Models.} \newblock MIT Press, Cambridge Mass., 1986. \bibitem[Miller and Licklider(1950)]{Miller50} G.~A. Miller and J.~C.~R. Licklider. \newblock The intelligibility of interrupted speech. \newblock {\em Journal of the Acoustical Society of America}, 22:\penalty0 167--173, 1950. \bibitem[Norris et~al.(2000)Norris, McQueen, and Cutler]{norris00} D.~Norris, J.~M. McQueen, and A.~Cutler. \newblock Merging information in speech recognition: Feedback is never necessary. \newblock {\em Behavioral and Brain Sciences}, 23\penalty0 (3):\penalty0 299--370, 2000. \bibitem[Saberi and Perrot(1999)]{saberi99} K.~Saberi and D.~R. Perrot. \newblock Cognitive restoration of reversed speech. \newblock {\em Nature}, 398:\penalty0 760, 1999. \bibitem[Samuel(1981)]{samuel81a} A.~G. Samuel. \newblock Phonemic restauration: Insights from a new methodology. \newblock {\em Journal of Experimental Psychology: General}, 110:\penalty0 474--494, 1981. \bibitem[Samuel and Pitt(2003)]{samuel03} A.G. Samuel and M.A. Pitt. \newblock Lexical activation (and other factors) can mediate compensation for coarticulation. \newblock {\em Journal of Memory and Language}, 48:\penalty0 416--434, 2003. \bibitem[Tanner and Swets(1954)]{tanner54} W.~P. Tanner and J.~A. Swets. \newblock A decision-making theory of visual detection. \newblock {\em Psychological Review}, 61:\penalty0 401--409, 1954. \bibitem[Warren(1970)]{warren70a} R.~M. Warren. \newblock Perceptual restauration of missing speech sounds. \newblock {\em Science}, 167:\penalty0 392--393, 1970. \end{thebibliography}